xpd:
Rats generally nest close to their "hunting" grounds, around 100m. We used to get them at our place until the paddocks across the road got developed for housing. No rats since.
You've not mentioned if you're rural or not, but if in suburbia, start looking for places they could nest easily, such as abandoned sheds, overgrown areas etc. Then poison around it and clean it up if possible.
There is a river about 200 meters away, and plenty of fruiting trees in the neighbourhood. No chickens on our property or on neighbours property
Plenty of trees and shrubs in the area where they could hide.