richms: pins 2 and 5 of the BT are the only ones that matter. Normally they go to 4 and 5 of the RJ45, but some I have seen use the second pair on 3 and 6, with the ringer wire connected to 4 or 5 (which ever order makes it a direct connection in order to the middle 4 of the BT.
Where are you? PM your street address and I can send you a PABX master. $14.95 for a cable like that at DSE is criminal IMO
If you find there is a central splitter there already, the filter wont help. if you get a good ADSL signal on that jackpoint, then possibly chop the plug off your filter and put RJ45 on it, or buy a filter that has RJ45 already. Then you just need an RJ45 to RJ11 cable that you can plug the phone into.
I'm going to open a can of worms: can you get ethernet from the central panel to the rooms? Sounds like only 1 RJ45 in each room? You might need some dodgy wiring to use the green and orange wires for Ethernet, but far better to run extra Cat5e cables to give you dual jackpoints for ethernet everywhere.