clock and phase only do anything on the analog input.

Sharpness tends to be turned up on TVs, whereas monitors default to not having any enhancement as it messes things up. Perhaps you are just seeing an oversharpened picture on the TV? Turn the tv sharpness down to 0 and see how it compares to the monitor. Or if you can turn it up on the monitor see if it makes it closer to the TV. Just be aware that adding sharpness to PC output will make it look really horrid.