In Australia, it seems that when a sporting event is outside the big metro centres, the provider (Tandberg, Globecast etc) will use a Ku band uplink (usually on D2, D1, or Asiasat 4) from the venue back to studio.  This is the case for stuff from Tasmania, the suburban grounds in Sydney and such.  Elsewhere seems to be be fibre used.

But it seems that in NZ, where fibre connections don't exist OSB use some other methods to get the video to the studio.  I guess this means that they use microwave, c band, ku band (encrypted) or something else?  Today for example there is a rugby game (in HD) from Kerikeri, which almost certainly isn't fibre.

Anyone know any more?

I see when I was in Napier earlier this year, OSB have a nice rig like below to send to the outside world.