A bit of context on eSIM from mobile network operator (MNO) perspective. eSIM is usually delivered in three phases:
- eSIM for Phones via QR code scan - all three NZ MNO's have this today
- eSIM for Phones via digital journeys - i.e. be able to install via a mobile app, be able to move your eSIM yourself from one phone to another (buy new phone, send phone for repair etc.) - none of the NZ MNO's have this today I don't think
- eSIM for Wearables (mobile enabled watches) - only Spark has this with One NZ having publicly stated that it is in development.
Phase 1 can be done without any real time interface or integration between MNO CRM/BSS system and is mature technology so it is relatively easy to implement with a 3rd party hosted eSIM platform & QR code voucher generation - physical or digital which is a nice addition.
Phase 2 does require this real time interface along with what's called an "Entitlement Server" alongside the eSIM delivery platform that manages device permissions by service, then the digital journeys are built on top of this infrastructure.
Phase 3 requires the infrastructure as per Phase 2 and in addition the shared MSISDN phone number delivered by IMS / VoLTE service and supported on Core Network, mobile plan development and provisioning.
Phases 2 & 3 can be delivered in the reverse order (as Spark has done) as long as the full infrastructure requirement for both phases is installed.
Edit: Prior to iPhone 14 the right order would've probably been Phases 1/3/2. But if we are going to see an iPhone 15 that is eSIM only in rest of the world (as iPhone 14 was in the US) then Phase 2 becomes more important as otherwise, due the high volume of iPhone 15 sales, you will be driving a large number of customers to have to do a SIM swap when they upgrade to an iPhone 15 and that is a somewhat time-consuming process for customers and store/customer care staff.
The point is that it is really a lot more work for the MNO's to deliver Phases 2 & 3 after Phase 1, perhaps 3-4 times the amount of development and service testing (esp. with regards Apple Watch), which is why we are seeing the long delays.


