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xlinknz:
Hi
We're looking to go PHEV/BEV but I'm trying to get my head around fast charging options
One vehicle we considering is a Mitsi PHEV but I see it has a Chademo port for DC (fast charging) and a type 2 AC port
It appears many places don't have a Chademo port (and I see it is being phased out in some jusrisdictions) so does that I am restricted on Fast charging or can a type 2 public port charge just as fast on a type 2 via AC?
Charge port appearance Older outlander PHEV / Ex japan outladner, type1 (AC), CHAdeMO (DC):
So for home charging you would just use the little socket, and for DC fast charging, just the big one.
New Outlander PHEV, type2 (AC), CHAdeMO (DC):
Hyundai Kona, Type 2 CCS: (For AC charging, only the top part of the socket is used, and the dust cap is kept on the bottom half, for DC charging both halves are used.
Crash course on EV charging:
AC charging: Basically every EV (excl some commercially targeted vans and trucks) has an onboard AC charger. For PHEV's this is typically around 3.6kW (16A single phase), My leaf is 3.6kW, most modern bigger battery EV's are either 7.2kW (32A single phase) or 11kW (16A three phase). Typically 11kW cars can charge at 7.2kW off 32A single phase, but there are some exemptions like the Mercedes B class.
EV charge cords have a brick or wall box called an EVSE. Basically this does a hand shake with the car, and only switches on the power once the connection is made, earth is confirmed good etc. This makes it safe to charge in the rain etc. The brick / box also tells the car how much current the supply is good for, so the onboard charger of the car doesn't draw too much.
Many EV's come with a portable charge cord rated for 8A (1.8kW) or less common 10A (2.3kW). In a 10 hour overnight charge session an 8A cord will deliver 18kWh, which is more than a full charge of the 13.8kWh outlander, and roughly the same as a 20kWh outlander (PHEV's allways keep a buffer at the bottom of the battery, incase you want to floor it up a hill etc.). But for a 64kWh kona, the charge time will be nearly 40 hours (one never arrives with a fully flat battery, so it is not quite this bad in the real world)
Installing a wall box (typically 32A single phase), will allow most PHEV's to charge in 3 - 4 hours, and most big battery EV's to charge overnight.
Most EV's are largely charged at home, and it is up to you if you if you use the slow cord, or have a wall box installed.
As you can tell there are type 1 & type 2 AC charge ports. Public AC charging government guideline is for NZ is BYO cord, so a type 2 socket will be provided, and you use you own cord to plug between that and your car. You buy the cord to suit your car, about $270.
DC charging
Cord is attached to charger, no need to BYO.
Many PHEV's don't have the ability to DC charge (and some pure EV's like the Merc B class, Renault Zoe)
Either CHadeMO or CCS2 in NZ. Every fast charger station (except on in south Auckland somewhere with duel CCS2) has cords to suit both plug type's, so the socket type doesn't really matter.
NZ new Lexus EV, Nissan EV & Mitsubishi PHEV use CHadeMO, as do all used import from japan with DC capability (Leaf, BMW i3 etc), older Tesla S & X use Chademo via adaptor
Pritty much every other brand of NZ New EV uses CCS2 now (tesla model 3 / Y), BYD, BMW, Kia etc.
Given a decent chunk of our EV's fall in each camp, and will continue to do so for some time, it is likely both standards will be supported for multiple decades. That said, imports of CCS2 cars now exceed that of CHadeMO cars, so fast charger station owners are starting to favor CCS2. For example the new fast charge station going in at Z walkworth has three CCS2 ports, and one CHadeMO.
DC charging speeds can vairy wildly from 25kW to 350kW. 50kW units are most common, but newer EV's like the EV6 Long Range can draw 200+kW from an appropriate charger, meaning they can charge from 10% to 80% in just 18mins.
Most EV's will be limited by the capacity of the battery to soak up power, so will take 20mins or so to charge to 80% regardless of DC charger speed. Still many times faster than using AC charging.
Should note that most DC charging is Paid, and the price is similar or more than that of running on petrol in a PHEV, and as such many PHEV owners find it hard to justify bothering with the whole DC charging thing.
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